Source:- Google.com.pk
Beef is the culinary name for meat from bovines, especially cattle. Beef can be harvested from cows, bulls, heifers or steers. Acceptability as a food source varies in different parts of the world.
Beef muscle meat can be cut into roasts, short ribs or steak (filet mignon, sirloin steak, rump steak, rib steak, rib eye steak, hanger steak...). Some cuts are processed (corned beef or beef jerky), and trimmings, usually mixed with meat from older, leaner cattle, are ground, minced or used in sausages. The blood is used in some varieties of blood sausage. Other parts that are eaten include the oxtail, liver, tongue, tripe from the reticulum or rumen, glands (particularly the pancreas and thymus, referred to as sweetbread), the heart, the brain (although forbidden where there is a danger of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE), the liver, the kidneys, and the tender testicles of the bull (known in the US as calf fries, prairie oysters, or Rocky Mountain oysters). Some intestines are cooked and eaten as-is, but are more often cleaned and used as natural sausage casings. The bones are used for making beef stock.
Beef from steers and heifers is very similar, (all treatments being equal), except steers have slightly less fat and more muscle. Depending on economics, the number of heifers kept for breeding varies. Older animals are used for beef when they are past their reproductive prime. The meat from older cows and bulls is usually tougher, so it is frequently used for mince (UK)/ground beef (US). Cattle raised for beef may be allowed to roam free on grasslands, or may be confined at some stage in pens as part of a large feeding operation called a feedlot (or concentrated animal feeding operation), where they are usually fed a ration of grain, protein, roughage and a vitamin/mineral preblend.
Beef is the third most widely consumed meat in the world, accounting for about 25% of meat production worldwide, after pork and poultry at 38% and 30% respectively.[1] In absolute numbers, the United States, Brazil, and the People's Republic of China are the world's three largest consumers of beef. On a per capita basis in 2009, Argentines ate the most beef at 64.6 kg per person; people in the US ate 40.2 kg, while those in the EU ate 16.9 kg.[2]
The world's largest exporters of beef are Brazil, India, Australia and the United States in that order (in 2014).[3] Beef production is also important to the economies of Uruguay, Canada, Paraguay, Mexico, Argentina, Belarus and Nicaragua.
Cooking and preparation
These methods are applicable to all types of meat and some other foodstuffs.
Dry heat
Roast beef cooked under high heat
Method Description
Grilling is cooking the beef over or under a high radiant heat source, generally in excess of 650 °F (343 °C). This leads to searing of the surface of the beef, which creates a flavoursome crust. In Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the UK, Germany and The Netherlands, grilling, particularly over charcoal, is sometimes known as barbecuing, often shortened to "BBQ". When cooked over charcoal, this method can also be called charbroiling.
Barbecue refers to a technique of cooking that involves cooking meat for long periods of time at low temperatures with smoke from a wood fire.
Broiling is a term used in North America. It is similar to grilling, but with the heat source always above the meat. Elsewhere this is considered a way of grilling.
Griddle Meat may be cooked on a hot metal griddle. A little oil or fat may be added to inhibit sticking; the dividing line when the method becomes shallow frying is not well-defined.
Roasting is a way of cooking meat in a hot oven, producing roast beef. Liquid is not usually added; the beef may be basted by fat on the top, or by spooning hot fat from the oven pan over the top. A gravy may be made from the cooking juices, after skimming off excess fat. Roasting is suitable for thicker pieces of meat; the other methods listed are usually for steaks and similar cuts.
Internal temperature[edit]
Main article: Temperature (meat)
Beef can be cooked to various degrees, from very rare to well done. The degree of cooking corresponds to the temperature in the approximate center of the meat, which can be measured with a meat thermometer. Beef can be cooked using the sous vide method, which cooks the entire steak to the same temperature, but when cooked using a method such as broiling or roasting it is typically cooked such that it has a "bulls eye" of doneness, with the least done (coolest) at the center and the most done (warmest) at the outside.
While searing and the Maillard Reaction are important to the final flavor of a piece of beef, the degree of doneness is also important. A chef can judge the degree of doneness of steak using the finger touch test,[18] without a meat thermometer. Temperature ranges can be found at Temperature (meat).
Frying
Meat can be cooked in boiling oil, typically by shallow frying, although deep frying may be used, often for meat enrobed with breadcrumbs as in milanesas. Larger pieces such as steaks may be cooked this way, or meat may be cut smaller as in stir frying, typically an Asian way of cooking: cooking oil with flavourings such as garlic, ginger and onions is put in a very hot wok. Then small pieces of meat are added, followed by ingredients which cook more quickly, such as mixed vegetables. The dish is ready when the ingredients are 'just cooked'.
Moist heat
Moist heat cooking methods include braising, pot roasting, stewing and sous vide. These techniques are often used for cuts of beef that are tougher, as these longer, lower-temperature cooking methods have time to dissolve connecting tissue which otherwise makes meat remain tough after cooking.
Stewing
simmering meat, whole or cut into bite-size pieces, in a water-based liquid with flavourings. This technique may be used as part of pressure cooking.
Braising
cooking meats, in a covered container, with small amounts of liquids (usually seasoned or flavored). Unlike stewing, braised meat is not fully immersed in liquid, and usually is browned before the oven step.
Sous Vide
Sous-vide, French for "under vacuum", is a method of cooking food sealed in airtight plastic bags in a water bath for a long time—72 hours is not unknown—at an accurately determined temperature much lower than normally used for other types of cooking. The intention is to maintain the integrity of ingredients and achieve very precise control of cooking. Although water is used in the method, only moisture in or added to the food bags is in contact with the food.
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
Beef Recipes Recipes for Kids in Urdu for Desserts for Dinner for Chicken with Ground Beef In Hindi for Cakes for Cookies Photos
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